Assessment of risk factors and occurrence of osteoporotic fractures among low impact trauma clients in West Bengal, India

OBJECTIVE: Management of osteoporotic fractures becomes challenging because of its multiple associated factors as well as poor bone quality. Therefore, assessments of the risk factors of osteoporotic fractures among low impact trauma client is a matter of great concern which can be addressed properly to reduce their occurrence in future. METHOD: Thirty patients with single or multiple fractures were selected purposively for descriptive survey study between January 2018 to December 2018. Their ages varied from 41 to 80 years. There were 26 female and four males. 24 patients have single fracture and six had multiple fractures following low impact trauma. The demographic parameters were studied by structured interview schedule, and the research variable, the risk factors were studied by interview, biophysical assessment and records of BMD value through DEXA and serum level of vitamin D. Socio-demographic variables like age, sex, body weight, Body mass index (BMI), etc. were selected and their relationship were assessed to find out the risk factors of fragility fractures in society by research variables like risk factors of osteoporotic fractures. For statistical analysis of determination of association between such factors and fragility fractures, non-parametric Fisher exact test and Odds ratio was used. RESULTS: In our study, osteoporotic fractures occurred majority (86.66%) among female maximally among 60-69 years age group. Whereas in relatively younger age (40-60 years), abnormal BMI (low or high) is responsible for fragility fracture as 46.6% of such fractures occurred in this group as 20% fracture are associated with underweight and 40.66% with overweight BMI. Tobacco smoking increases the risk of fragility fractures twice (as relative risk ratio 2) and rheumatoid arthritis increases the six-fold (as relative risk ratio 6). All 100% had history of fall. Level of serum vitamin D, low DEXA scan value (less than −2.5) and fall on ground resulting in low impact injuries shows strong association between those and fragility fractures. On the other hand, all the risk factors remain same for the recent and old fractures. CONCLUSION: Several risk factors need to be addressed properly apart from medical managements to reduce the risk of occurrence of osteoporotic fractures

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The knowledge of pressure ulcer among nursing students and related factors

Pressure ulcer has been recognized as one of the major causes of morbidity, mortality and a burden to healthcare. Our aim is to compare the level of knowledge regarding pressure ulcer prevention among final year nursing students in one of the Health Campus in Kelantan. This is a cross-sectional study aimed to determine and compare the knowledge of pressure ulcer prevention among the nursing students. The total sample for this study is 108 students. The sampling methods used are purposive sampling methods, i.e. the sample was chosen based on the potentially knowledge about the phenomena studied. Self-administered questionnaire is used to measure the characteristic and knowledge level of sample towards pressure ulcer prevention. Data including descriptive statistic and statistical tests was analyzed using the SPSS version 22.0. Finding of this study was significant with p < 0.001 (significant at p < 0.05). This indicates the significant differences of pressure ulcer knowledge between both programmes. The degree students have higher knowledge than the diploma students. Therefore, it is evident from this study that higher the level of education, the higher is the knowledge regarding pressure ulcer

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The effectiveness of gamelan therapy on depression levels in chronic kidney failure patients

INTRODUCTION: The effect of depression on human behavior have been widely recognized in chronic kidney failure patients who undergoing hemodialysis. There was some depression technique management which could be applied. It could be a pharmacological or non-pharmacological technique. One of the complementary non-pharmacological therapy are Javanese gamelan therapy. OBJECTIVE: This research reduced depression level with Javanese gamelan therapy in chronic kidney failure patients' who undergo hemodialysis at RSUD KRMT Wongsonegoro Semarang. METHOD: It was a quasi-experimental research with pretest-post-test without control group. The research was administered during March-May 2019 with 30 respondents taken as sample using the total sampling technique. RESULTS: The research on 30 respondents showed that p-value=0.00, <α=0.05, so that Ha was accepted, and Ho rejected. CONCLUSION: There is significant Javanese gamelan therapy on level depression reducing chronic kidney failure patients' who undergo hemodialysis at RSUD KRMT Wongsonegoro Semarang. Suggestion: Javanese gamelan therapy may help in naturally maintains heart health and controlling normal blood pressure using music as relaxation medium

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Relationship between early marriage and teenager pregnancy to stunting in toddler at Bangun Rejo Village, Tanjung Morawa District, Tanjung Morawa, Deli Serdang 2019

The brain undergoes very rapid growth and development among toddler below 5 year of age. The fault in their upbringing during this period of time will cause them to undergo growth and development disorder, and parents who get married too young early have lack of knowledge of raising their young children. As a result, the latter become vulnerable during their growth and development. The objective of the research was to analyze the correlation between early marriage and teenager pregnancy to stunting in growth among toddlers. The research used descriptive analytic method with cross-sectional design. It was conducted at Bangun Rejo Village, Tanjung Morawa District, Deli Serdang regency from June to September 2019. The population consisted of 645 toddler aged between 0 and 59 months. The sample was chosen by using systematic random sampling technique. The data were gathered by using questionnaires in order to get the information about early marriage and by conducting observation in order to find out toddler stunting. The result of univariate analysis showed that 87 (82.1%) infants had normal growth. The result of bivariate analysis, using chi-square test, showed that there was correlation between early marriage and toddler stunting, teenager pregnancy (p = 0.000) and marriage age (p = 0.001). The conclusion of the research was that there was correlation between early marriage and teenager pregnancy to stunting in toddler. The study showed that toddlers in case of parent with early marriage was more vulnerable to growth and development disorder. It is recommended that health service of care for adolescents and integrated monitoring of toddler be established in order to decrease the risk of incidence of early marriage and toddler stunting

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